شناسایی قارچ‌های میکوریز آربوسکولار همزیست با ریشه ذرت در شهرستان حاجی آباد استان هرمزگان

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are exclusive members of a large population of microorganisms that live in the rhizosphere of plants. They depend on their host plants for the carbon they need, and due to access to this carbon source, they can successfully transfer nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, and other nutrients to the host plant competing with saprophytes. Traditionally, mycorrhizal species are identified by the morphological characteristics of spores and sporocarps, spore connections, and hyphae attached to spores. However, more complex molecular methods are also currently in use. Soil and root sampling was carried out in several stages in the spring and summer from the rhizosphere area at a depth of 5-30 centimeters of corn fields in Hajiabad, Hormozgan Province. The wet sieve method was used to separate spores from sampled soils. Spores were grouped based on morphological characteristics such as size, color, shape, surface decorations, and hyphal attachment, and these groups were used for morphological and molecular identification. Also, the sampled roots were stained and their colonization percentage was determined. DNA extraction from single spores belonging to each spore group was performed with 5X GoTaq PCR buffer, and then the PCR nesting method was used for DNA amplification with the primer pairs SSUmaf and LSUmar in the first stage and SSUmCf and LSUmBr in the second stage. The product of the PCR was examined on agarose gel and the resulting electrophoresis patterns were observed and recorded. Amplified pieces from fungal samples were sent to Gen Fanavaran Company and sequenced by the Sanger and bidirectional method. The obtained mycorrhizal fungal sequences were aligned with other Glomeromycota sequences from the GenBank and the new sequences were registered in the NCBI database. Based on the data obtained, four species Septoglomus constrictum, S. jasnowska, Rhizophagus irregularis, Pacispora scintillanswere identified from the corn rhizosphere.