بررسی اثر عصاره اندام هوایی گیاه جیکاما (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.)Urban) بر نماتد ریشه گرهی،Meloidogyne javanica در شرایط ازمایشگاهی

In this research to achieve safe or low-risk and more effective alternatives to chemical pesticides to control nematodes,, the effect of rotenone present in alcoholic and acetone extract of aerial part of the jicama plant (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urban) was investigated on the control of root knot nematode in laboratory conditions. Effect of alcoholic and acetone extracts containing rotenone of jicama plant on the number of unhatched eggs and larval mortality after 24, 48 and 72 hours exposure of larvae and eggs after 3, 5 and 8 days of exposure to extracts with concentration 0 (control), 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 ppm were investigated using factorial experiment in the form of a completely randomized design in three replications. The results of analysis of variance of the effect of acetone and alcohol extracts on the inhibition of egg hatching and the number of dead larvae showed that the simple effect of the treatments as well as the double and triple interaction effect of the treatments were significant at the probability level of 1%, but for the double interaction of extract and time as well as the triple interaction effect of these treatments on the number of dead nematode larvae was statistically nonsignificant. The results of the laboratory study showed that the highest number of unhatched eggs was found at concentrations of 4000, 2000 and 1000 ppm of both extracts in the third day (100 units) of the experiment and the greatest mortality of (J2) 53/8% was found in the acetone extract at a concentration of 4000 ppm in 72 hours after the start of the experiment compared to the control of both extracts. The results of laboratory studies showed the positive effects of alcoholic and acetone extracts of jicama plant (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.)Urban) on inhibiting egg hatching and mortality of (J2) of root-knot nematode.