معرفی عملکرد فرمولاسیون گیاهی سالپی و آرتمیس اکو در مدیریت مرحله لاروی زنبور برگخوار زبان گنجشک Tomostethus nigritus

Folivorous wasp, Tomostethus nigritus (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), as a pest with one generation per year, was first detected in spring 2023 at larval stage on the leaves of the European ash in District 17 of Tehran Municipality. With the aim of using the environmentally friendly management and introducing an alternative solution to chemical poisons, two samples of herbal pesticides Salpipest (wild pistachio) and Artemis Eco (eucalyptus), both from Nano Sabz Avaran Toba co., were compared in this study. Larvae at different instars were collected from infected European ash in Howeyzeh Park and were compared in Plant protection laboratory of Research Center of Green Space Department. Bioassay tests were carried on after treatment of the pesticides, mean of larval mortality and the mean of larvae feeding on leaves were estimated. Experimental condition was photoperiod 8:16h (L:D), RH=70±10% and temperature of 25±1 ºC in colorless disposable containers (13x12x5.2 cm) with perforated lids done containing paper towels. The effective dose for field tests in 2 concentrations 1/1000 and 2/1000 of both plant pesticides were used in 3 replicates along with the untreated control. Average mortality of larvae and percentage of feeding on leaves were investigated after 8, 16, 24 and 32 hours. For each treatment, 3 larvae at the same age and 6 clean and healthy European ash leaves were considered. Data was analyzed by SPSS v.26 using GLM test and the means were compared by Duncan's test.The concentration of 1/1000 had the lowest rate of larval loss in Salpipest pesticide after 8h with 1/00 larvae and Artemis eco 0/33 larvae and showed significant difference compared to other treatments.Gradually, with the increase of sampling hours, no live larvae were observed in any treatment except Artemis treatment at 1/1000. The feeding data of the whole leaf compared to control after 32h from the beginning of test showed, all the available leaves were eaten by the larvae, but the other treatments showed significantly difference; Lowest amount of the eaten leaves was related to Salpipest 1000 ppm treatment (1 leaf) and the highest amount of the eaten leaves belonged to Artemis treatment 1000 ppm (3.33 leaves). According to the data of this test, it can be concluded that Artemis eco treatment has a better nutritional inhibition effect and lethality than Salpipest.