مدیریت تلفیقی پروانه موم‌خوار بزرگ (Galleria mellonella Lep., Pyralidae) در زنبورستان و انبار نگهداری شان‌های مومی

Galleria mellonella is one of the most important pests of stored products and honeybee colonies, which inflicts heavy damage on beekeepers by feeding on wax combs inside the colonies as well as stored wax combs. This study aimed to investigate different methods of integrated management of G. mellonella in colonies and storage warehouses during the spring to summer of 2023 in 35 bee colonies in the Kurdistan province, Iran. This study was carried out in the form of a completely randomized design with six treatments (including strong apiary, weak apiary, dark warehouse, light warehouse, organic acid treatment, and control treatments) and seven replications. Field surveys were conducted for 20 days on experimental treatments. Variance analysis and mean comparison (based on the LSD method) of data were done using SPSS V.22 software. The variance analysis results of the number of wax moths in the strong apiary showed that there is a significant difference between the treatments (P < 0.05). Based on the mean comparison results, the lowest and highest of the number of wax moths was observed in the one and control treatments, respectively. The results of the variance analysis of the number of wax moths in the weak apiary showed that there is a significant difference between the treatments (P < 0.05). Based on the mean comparison results, the highest and lowest of the number of wax moths were observed in the second and control treatments, respectively. Variance analysis results of the mortality rate of wax moths in the treatment of organic acids showed that there is a significant difference between the treatments (P < 0.05). Based on the mean comparison results, the highest and lowest number of dead wax moths were related to formic acid and control treatments, respectively. The results of the variance analysis of the number of adult wax moths seen in the dark warehouse showed that there is a significant difference between the treatments (P < 0.05). Based on the mean comparison results, the highest and lowest number of adult wax moths was observed in five and control treatments, respectively. The results of variance analysis of the number of adult insects observed in the bright warehouse showed that there is a significant difference between the treatments (P < 0.05). Based on the mean comparison results, the highest and lowest of the number of observed wax moths were related to the control and second treatments, respectively. According to the obtained results, the integrated use of methods Organic acids (formic and acetic acids), bright warehouse, and keeping strong colonies in apiary (or strong apiary) can be recommended to reduce the damage of this pest in apiaries and storage warehouses for wax combs.