ارتقاء سلامت برنج با استفاده از روش مدیریت تلفیقی محصول (ICM)

Based on the 6th and 7th Five-Year Development Plan, the government has been obliged to reduce the amount of chemical pesticides consumed annually with the cooperation of affiliated institutions and, on the other hand,provide people with easy access to healthy food.To achieve this goal, with the cooperation of Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection(IRIPP)and Rice Research Institute(RRI) (Deputy of Mazandaran)under the Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO),rice production using the Integrated Crop Management (ICM)method at the farm level was on the agenda. In this way, the methods of breeding (use of tolerant and or resistant cultivars), agricultural methods (planting date, planting distance, proper nutrition, and irrigation), mechanical fighting methods, use of optical and pheromone traps, trichogramma, biological microbial agents, biopesticides and covering rice treasury with net for preventing Chilo sp. In the first stage (2022),the project carry out at the level of ten hectares in the first cultivation and two hectares in the second cultivation of the research paddy fields in Amol. In the second year of this project (2023),in order to realize and implement it in the farmers' own paddy fields, this management method was carried out with the cooperation of the aforementioned two institutions, Mazandaran Province Agricultural Jihad Organization, with the focus of the leading farmers in eight cities and with the participation of47 farmers at the level of100 and40 hectares in the first and second cultivation respectively. The results of the investigations showed that The sowing date should be untile April 10, and the planting date should be May 10.The planting distance of20 cm in local cultivars and 25cm in high-yielding cultivars has had the best results in terms of increasing yield and reducing blast disease.Overall by applying this integrated management method, leaf blast and neck rot were less than half percent and contamination with rice stem borer in the Tarom Mazand cultivar was close to zero percent,in Fajr cultivar, which is the most sensitive cultivar to stem borer, the white heads were recorded at a maximum of 8–10%. Quantitatively and economically, the use of light trap is one of the best and most effective methods for the management of rice stem borers, especially because it significantly reduces the number of maternal parents and the management of the next generation will be easier. Based on these valuable results,it can be acknowledged that if preparations are made by the executive trustee organizations of the country, this great success can be achieved for all rice paddy fields in the north of the country during a few years. Reducing or eliminating chemical pesticides will reduce the risk to farmers, consumers, and the environment, increase biodiversity,improve the quality and quantity of the product, reduce costs, and increase overall productivity.