تاثیر عصاره آبی استخراج شده از ریشه و گلِ گیاه تلخ بیان .Sophora alopecuroides L به روش التراسونیک روی جمعیت پسیل معمولی پسته Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt

In recent years, The common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt has caused serious problems for pistachio production in Kerman province and other regions of Iran and forcing the chemical control of this pest, while imposing a lot of costs on gardeners, environmental pollution, etc., has reduced the health of pistachio. Today, the topic of agricultural pesticide residues in agricultural products is of great importance, and this issue in the case of the pistachio crop can jeopardize the export of this product. Considering the impacts caused by the use of synthetic pesticides , it is recommended to replace these compounds with plant derived chemicals. In this research, the aqueous extract (by ultrasound-assisted extraction) of the root and flower of Sophora alopecuroides L. was investigated as an option to control the common pistachio psylla population. The extracts from two parts of the plant (root and flower) with a concentration of 8000 ppm (in terms of dry matter in water) and water (control) were applied to pistachio trees infected with the pest by foliar spraying method. The mean population of different pupal stages of the pest on each leaf was evaluated in two stages (2 and 6 days after foliar application). The mean population of the pest nymphs on each leaf in root and flower treatments of the plant extract and control treatment were 14.37±2.85, 6.89±1.75 and 35.21±2.76 in the first record and 0. 89±0.36, 4.46±0.45 and 23.54±7.4 were estimated in the second recording. Also, by comparing the speed of the effects of the extracts, we find that the aqueous extract of the flower is more effective on the mortality of nymphs than the root extract, but gradually the effect of the aqueous extract of the root increases and brings the pest population close to full control after six days.