مطالعه بیماری‌های قارچی ریشه نعناع فلفلی در غرب استان گلستان و شرق استان مازندران

Medicinal and aromatic plants are known as important sources of active or chemical plant compounds, which are widely used around the world to treat diseases and disorders. In the last few decades, the demand for herbal extracts and important medicinal compounds has increased greatly. Among these important medicinal plants, we can mention the plants of the mint family (Lamiaceae), especially peppermint. Among the 30 or more pathogens recorded on mint, about 12 are of major economic importance. Meanwhile, root diseases are a serious threat to agriculture worldwide. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study fungal diseases of peppermint root. For this purpose, in this research, during two consecutive years 2022 and 2023, various peppermint farms in the west of Golestan province and the east of Mazandaran province were visited and sampling was done. Sampling in each field from plants suspected of disease and having symptoms such as yellowness, reduced growth, general plant weakness, etc. carried out. In general, 35 isolates were isolated from the stem, root and crown parts of peppermint plant, including Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium solani, F. verticililoides and Alternaria alternata. to the species Rhizoctonia solani and M. phaseolina are dominant species with 31 and 28% frequency, respectively. In the present study, most of the isolates belonged to the farms visited in Golestan province and Kordkuy city. In this research, Rhizoctonia solani fungus was identified as the main cause of crown and root rot of pepermint, as well as the dominant fungus in the region.