تاثیر پنج رقم خیار گلخانه‌ای روی زیست شناسی کنه تارتن دو لکه‌ای Tetranychus urticae

Abstract
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, is a horticultural crop cultivated in many regions worldwide, both in fields and greenhouses. The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), is a major and economically important pest affecting numerous agricultural products including cucumber in Iran and globally. Considering the pest resistance and the hazardous effects of chemical compounds on human health and the environment, the use of resistant cultivars as a safe control method is important, which can play a critical role in the integrated management of two-spotted spider mite by reducing the consumption of chemical compounds. This study investigated the effects of five cucumber varieties (Nagin, Keyhan, Armin, Terminator, Super Arshia) on the biology of the two-spotted spider mite under laboratory conditions at a temperature of 25 ± 2°C, relative humidity of 65 ± 5%, and a photoperiod of 16 hours light and 8 hours dark. The results indicated that the adult female mite had the longest lifespan on the Naghin cultivar and the shortest on the Armin cultivar. The egg developmental period was longest on the Armin cultivar (3.36 days) and shortest on the Naghin cultivar (2.24 days). The larval stage duration was longest on the Armin cultivar (2.26 days) and shortest on the Naghin cultivar (1.37 days). The longest durations of the protonymph and deutonymph stages were observed on the Armin cultivar (2.33 and 2.94 days, respectively), while the shortest durations were on the Naghin cultivar (1.59 and 1.56 days, respectively). The highest survival rate of immature stages was on the Naghin cultivar (0.92 days) and the lowest on the Armin cultivar (0.71 days). The mean generation time (T) was significantly longer on the Armin cultivar (13.98 days) compared to the other cultivars. Reproductive parameters varied significantly among different cucumber cultivars. The longest and shortest reproductive and oviposition periods were on the Naghin (35.90 and 11.97 days) and Armin (13.95 and 5.54 days) cultivars, respectively. Consequently, the findings of this study suggest that the Armin cultivar possesses a high potential for controlling the population density of the two-spotted spider mite and can be utilized in integrated pest management programs in fields and greenhouses.