تأثیر قارچ اندوفیت Acrophialophora teleoafricana بر فاکتورهای رشدی لوبیا و کنترل Rhizoctonia solani

Coating seeds with antagonistic fungi is a method for protecting them and plants against fungal pathogens. In this research, the effect of coating bean seeds with Acrophialophora teleoafricana on plants growth factors and disease control caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-1-1A was evaluated. The seeds were coated with A. teleoafricana spores containing glucose, carboxymethyl cellulose, gum arabic and molasses in equal concentrations of 1% as stickers. Based on the results obtained, the roots colonization by this endophytic fungus was detected at 14 days after planting. Carboxymethyl cellulose and glucose treatments showed 82% and 74% colonization, respectively and molasses and gum arabic treatments resulted in colonization rates of 56% and 48%, respectively. This antagonist fungus had a significant effect on reducing the disease index of R. solani AG-1-1A on bean leaf discs and seedlings compared to the control. Furthermore, fewer structures of this fungal pathogen, such as lobed appressoria and cushions, were detected in plants under treatment compared to the control. Growth factors, such as fresh weight, dry weight, root length, and shoot length of bean plants treated with this endophytic fungus significantly increased compared to the untreated control plants. Among the different coating compounds, carboxymethyl cellulose and glucose showed the greatest effect in reducing the disease index of R. solani AG-1-1A and increasing growth factors in beans compared to the plants solely exposed to R. solani inoculation. Therefore, seed coating with the endophytic fungus A. teleoafricana and compounds with adhesive properties, especially carboxymethyl cellulose, is effective in protecting bean plants against R. solani.