تأثیر تغییر اقلیم در شهرستان سلسله و پیامدهای آن در بروز تنش‌های زنده در کشت لوبیا

Lorestan is an important center of kidney bean culture in Iran and 16.6% of total cultured area of this crop (Phaseolus calcaratus R.) in Iran is allocated in Lorestan province. According to geographical situation of this region which is located between cold and warm climates in Zagros range, this region is exposed to more weather and climate variations. Selseleh as a main city in agriculture of Lorestan, has been a major kidney bean culture city from old times. New climate researches in 2 recent decades revealed that the climate in Selseleh has changed from cold sub-humid to temperate sub-humid, and due to vicinity to warm semi-arid climate zone, is exposed to environmental stresses. Charcoal root rot by Macrophomina phaseolina is one of the important disease of beans in this region, which its incidence and spread are recently affected by climate intensely, this can be significant in planning of cultivation pattern, and epidemiologic studies of disease. To investigate this disease status in Lorestan kidney bean fields, in 2021, some samples of infected plants in the main fields in Azna, Aligudarz, Selseleh, Borujerd and Dorud were collected. Virulent fungal isolates on bean were identified. Maximum and minimum isolates were obtained in semi-temperate humid, and cold semi-arid climate zones respectively. Also, Macrophomina as a stress-related genus, were observed more in temperate humid with heavier soil zones. Fungal pathogens in Lorestan kidney bean fields were Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani. These results show the importance of root rot in beans especially M. phaseolina in Lorestan.