اثر برخی اسانس های گیاهی روی ترجیح تخم گذاری شب پره مینوز گوجه فرنگی Tuta absoluta (Lep:Gelechiidae)

Tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Lep: Gelechiidae) is the most important pest of tomatoes. This pest can destroy 100% of products in the ideal situation and non-suitable management. Now, the high use of chemical pesticides to control of this pest has caused resistance. The plants’ essential oils that have secondary metabolites are effective for deterrence and mortality, so when these plants are placed next to other plants (hosts), they cause repelled specific pests of them. Specific pests find own hosts with volatile plant compounds (kairomone) if pests host finding is interfered, their damage will be decreased especially on economic products. In this research, the essential oils of some plants were investigated on egg laying preference of T.absoluta. Essential oils of 50g powder of thyme, black cumin, black seed, and geranium were prepared by Clevenger, and the repellent of essential oils did by olfactometer Y. In one tube was put treatment leaf and another tube control leaf. This experiment did with release 10 adults’ female in 5 repeat for each essential oils. In the primary experiment, Matin cultivar was sensitive against T.absoluta, so it was used for olfactometer. Due to essential oils’ effect on repellent, the experiment of egg laying preference did under a lace cage with one treatment pot and one control pot. After that 3 pairs of adults’ moth were released and the number of eggs was counted after 4 days. This experiment did in greenhouse condition (T=25±3C0 and RH=60±15) on the cultivars Bellariva, Brivio, Matin, 8320, Commodore, Namib, GS12, and 4 different plant essential oils. The results of olfactometer experiment showed that leaf treatments were significantly for pest repellent (DF=7, F=34.21, P<0.0001) also, the most repellent was for black cumin treatment. Egg laying preference was significantly on different cultivars (DF=12, F= 9.49, P<0.0001) and different treatments (Df= 3, F11.9, P<0.0001), but simultaneous effect of essential oils and cultivars weren’t significantly (Df=18, F=0.41, P=0.9841). In the different tomato cultivars, Bellariva and Brivio had the lowest egg laying preference in the all of treatment, and the most repellent and the lowest egg laying preference were on black cumin treatments, also the lowest repellent and the most egg laying preference were on black seed treatments. The results of this study showed that the periodic spray of essential oils can effect on the repellent and egg laying deterrent of T.absoluta, so due to lack of residues in the products, it can replace chemical pesticides.