شناسایی سه گونه‌ تریکودرما از مزارع گندم استان ایلام

The fungus, Trichoderma is considered as a powerful biocontrol agent against a wide range of plant diseases. This fungus is one of the soil hyphomycetes that exists in most agricultural soils and in order to rapid growth, the ability to use various substrates and resistance to chemicals is very important. Isolation of fungal isolates from soil was done by serial dilution method of soil suspension and the selective medium of Elad & Chet (1983) was used with some changes. Fungal isolates were identified based on morphological characteristics such as: mycelium features, size, shape and characteristics of conidia, size, shape and branching of conidiphores using the identification key of Gams and Bisset (2007). For molecular investigationsof fungal isolates, the gene region coding the translation elongation factor (Tef) was amplified and sequenced using EF1 and EF2 primers. Sequences obtained from gene amplification by Bioedit v. 7.0.9.0 software (Hall, 1999) were edited. The sequences were introduced to the NCBI and using BLASTn algorithm to identify the species with the highest identification percentage, the lowest E index and the highest percentage of sequence coverage were considered as the closest sequence. In this study, the suitable Outgrup was selected and after aligning the sequences, The phylogeny tree obtained using maximum likelihood algorithm with 1000 bootstraps using MEGA v 11 software validate the morphological data and the investigated isolates were including three species, T. longibrachiatum, T. harzianum and T. koningii.