بررسی متاژنومیکی ریزوسفر گندم های وحشی ایران با هدف شناسایی جدایه های قارچ های مایکوریز

Considering the importance of the effect of the biological agents on growth, increase plant tolerance in biotic and abiotic stresses, and the necessity of identifying effective biological factors in plant-microbe interactions, this research was carried out in order to isolate and identify mycorrhiza isolates from wild wheat in Iran. Sampling was done at the end of spring season 2023, from the central, northern, and western regions of Iran. Wild wheat were identified using scientific keys and ITS2-ITS4 ribosomal regions of fungal were used for PCR reaction. All products were subjected to next generation sequencing Illumina and metagenomic analysis. Acquired data were used in Unite database and were analyzed by with R software. The results of wheat species identification showed that most of the Iranian wild wheat species in the sampled regions were related to Aegillups tauchii, Ae. Cylindrical, Ae. Crassa, Ae. triuncialis, and among which Ae. Tauchii took the largest number. The results of molecular analysis showed that the mycobiome diversity of Iranian wild wheat species is significan. The highest biotic diversity with Shannon measurement index was related to Ae. Tauchii species and the lowest diversity related to Ae. Triuncialis. The results of Next Generation Sequencing showed that the identified fungal isolates are related to Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota, Mortierellomycota, Olpidiomycota phylum. The highest f abundance of fungi in wild wheat roots is related to Ascomycota phyllum (60.91%) and the lowest abundance was related to Olpidiomycota phyllum. (0/36 %). In the Ascomycota phylum, the highest frequency of the genus was concern to Alternaria genus and the lowest frequency of the genus was related toPoaceascoma genus. In Mortiorlumycota phyllum, the highest frequency was related to Mortiorella genus and the lowest frequency was related to Podilla genus. In the Glomeromycota phyllum, (Mycorrhizal fungi), the highest frequency was related to Rhizophagus species and the lowest frequency was related to Glomus species. The results of metagenomic analysis reveales that variables factors such as plant species, climate condition and humidity, had a significant impact on the diversity and vigor of the rhizosphere microbiome of Iranian wild wheats, while the altitude index showed less impact. According to the obtained results, it is concluded that the diversity of microbiome and mycobiome are strongly influenced by the plant species as well as rhizosphere microbial consortium.