بررسی کنترل زیستی بیمارگر Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum توسط جدایه‌های اکتینوباکتر و تاثیر آن ها روی رشد گیاه خیار

Fungal diseases pose a major challenge in greenhouse vegetable and cucumber production. The favourable humidity and temperature conditions in greenhouses create an ideal environment for the growth and spread of these diseases. One of the most significant fungal diseases affecting cucumbers is Fusarium wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (FOC). This disease can cause considerable damage to cucumber crops as FOC enters the plant through the roots or stems, leading to symptoms such as yellowing, stunted growth, leaf wilting, and stem necrosis. Managing this disease is particularly challenging due to the soil-borne nature of the pathogen and its ability to penetrate the plant's parenchymal tissues.
The use of microbial antagonists has been proposed as a promising management strategy to control soil-borne pathogens. In this study, the potential for biological control of Fusarium wilt of cucumber was investigated under laboratory and greenhouse conditions using seven actinobacterial isolates collected from agricultural soils in different regions. All isolates significantly reduced disease severity compared to the infected control, although disease incidence was observed in all treatments. Among the antagonist bacterial isolates, two isolates, SP1 and SC2, significantly controlled Fusarium wilt in greenhouse experiments, and five isolates had the greatest effect on plant growth factors. The results also showed that all isolates, except CS1 and SG1, significantly increased plant length, plant weight, root length, and fresh and dry weight of plants compared to the healthy control. Given the strong inhibitory effects of these actinobacterial isolates under laboratory and greenhouse conditions, further research is recommended for their production and commercialization.