اثرکودهای زیستی والقای مقاومت سیستمیک اکتسابی بر نماتد ریشه گرهی گونه javanica Meloidogyne روی گیاه گوجه فرنگی

The Effects of bio-fertilizers and inducing host resistance against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica were analyzed on tomato plant at greenhouse level, using Formicin at three concentration rates (6, 8 and 10 L/ha.); Nitroxin (5 L/ha.); EM (5 L/ha.); Fenamiphos (Nemacur) (15 g/m2); Tricuran-P (Trichoderma) (7 kg/ha); and Phytomax (10 L/ha.); along with irrigation water in comparison with the infected and healthy control in a completely randomized design implicated trice with three weeks interval. The experiment was repeated twice. The results showed that the lowest number of larvae in the soil was related to Nemacur (5.5) and Tricuran-P (5.8), and the highest one was of Formicin 6 (21.1), and Nitroxin (0.20). The lowest number of eggs and larvae in the root was related to Nemacur (13.4) and EM (14.5), and the highest one was of Formesin 6 (1.96). The lowest number of galls was in Formicin 10 (3.5) and EM (3.7), and the highest in Tricuran-P (0.5), Nitroxin (4.8) and Phytomax (4.8). The lowest number of egg-mass was in Nemacur (0.4). Increasing the concentration of Formicin led to a decrease in the number of egg-masses. The lowest larval reproduction factor in soil was in Nemacur (110) and Tricuran-P (116). Increasing the concentration of Formicin led to a significant decrease in the reproduction factor of larvae in the soil and roots. Also, in biomass parameters, and the amount of micro and macro elements, a significant interaction effect was observed between the experiments and treatments, which increased with the increase in the concentration of these Formicin. For analysis of inducing resistance to the root-knot nematode M. javanica, LOX, PIN, MT1, NAC, PR1, PAL and OSM marker genes were used compared to housekeeping Actin gene. The results showed that the disease agent increased the transcript level of LOX genes (4.12 fold), PIN (21.69 fold), MT1 (3.89 fold), GST (5.33 fold), NAC (14.1 fold) 5 fold), PR1 (12.06 fold), PAL (9.04 fold) and OSM (6.13 fold) in tomato plants infected with M. javanica compared to the control sample. Application of Nitroxin, Formicin 10, EM, Phytomax, and Formicin 8 to infected (inoculated) samples caused incremental changes in LOX gene expression levels, 5.21, 1.79, 2.57, 2.49, and 5.22 fold respectively. CAT, SOD and POD enzymes also followed the same trends significantly.