اثر مقایسه ای میکروبیوم گندم های وحشی ایران و گونه Rhizophago irregularis DAOM19745 بر روی پارامترهای رشدی در دو نوع گندم ایرانی و فرانسوی

Abstract
Mycorrhizal fungi are well-known and useful microorganisms whose effective which their useful role in symbiosis with a wide range of plants is known. This group of symbiotic fungi plays an effective role in the induce plants resistance encountered to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this research, the influence of the mycobiome of Iranian wild wheats as the early ancestors of today's modern wheats was investigated. Two French Renan wheat cultivar, and a landrace Iranian wheat with planted in zeolite substrate and a standard Rhizophagus regularis DAOM19745 isolate were used in a completely randomized block design with 5 replications. The pots were kept in greenhouse conditions with controlled heat, humidity and light for 4 months until the seeds ripping. Pots were fed with Lang-Ashton solution with low phosphate and were irrigated regularity with tap water. Membrane falcons containing phytate medium (a source of phosphorus) were used as a complementary feed source. In order to investigate the efficiency of the wild wheat mycobiome and compare with the standard mycorrhizal species, the growth parameters including height and number of stems, number of leaves, height of aerial parts, fresh and dry weight of stem and root, fresh and dry weight of seeds and root colonization percentage were measured. The most affected parameters were related to stem height and root volume and in native Iranian wheats. Our observation showed that the microbiome of wild wheat had a significant effect on the growth parameters of Iranian wheat and had a lesser effect on French wheat, but the effect of the standard isolate on the parameters measured on both wheat cultivars was significant. Microscopic observations showed more root colonization of Iranian wheat by wild wheat mycobiome treatment in compared to single mycorhizae fungi. According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that the use of natural consortia with a wide range of biological species with high adaptability and symbiosis compared to a commercial mycorrhizal fungus could have a more favorable effect in increasing of plant growth parameters.