بررسی برهمکنش ویروس موزائیک توتون با نماتد ریشه گرهی Meloidogyne incognita در گیاه گوجه فرنگی

Plant pathogens such as the tobacco mosaic virus (Tobamovirus tabaci) and the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita.) are prominent threats to the Solanaceae family, with devastating implications for crop yields and food security. T. tabaci is a single-stranded RNA virus known for causing mosaic patterns on the leaves of infected plants, while Meloidogyne is a microscopic parasite that invades plant roots, leading to the formation of characteristic galls. Both pathogens have been extensively studied in the context of their individual impacts on plant health, but their interactions within the host plant present a complex scenario. In this study, the relationship between T. tabaci and root-knot nematode in tomato plants is assessed. Upon co-inoculated of the plant host with these two plant pathogens by adding a suspension containing nematodes to the soil near the roots and inoculating the leaves of the tomato plant with the virus, there is a discernible upregulation of defense enzyme activity. Remarkably, when tomato plants were first exposed to the virus and subsequently inoculated with the root-knot nematode, a notable decrease in the number of nematodes and galls was shown. Consequently, the defense mechanisms of plants were observed to be enhanced as the defense enzymes, including catalase, polyphenol oxidase, and peroxidase were increased in infected plants. The most effective time point for the heightened defense response was found to inoculate with nematode 48 hours after the inoculation of the virus. This phenomenon sheds light on the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between plant immune responses triggered by viral and nematode infections. The temporal dynamics and impact of this interaction are crucial for elucidating plant defense responses against multiple pathogens. The ideas that come from this research provide the basis for future studies for further investigation.