نماتدهایی از بالاخانوادهCriconematoidea Taylor, 1936 (Nematoda: Rhabditida) از مراتع و جنگل‌های استان کرمان

The superfamily Criconematoidea consists mainly of plant root ectoparasites with a worldwide distribution, which are divided into three families, Criconematidae, Hemicycliophoridae and Tylenchulidae, according to the last classification. In the study on plant parasitic nematodes in rangelands and forests of Kerman province, which was conducted between 2019 and 2023 by collecting 213 soil samples from the rhizosphere of different plants, six known species of Criconematoidea, including Criconema mutabile, Mesocriconema antipolitanum, M. curvatum, M. rusticum, Criconemoides informis and Hemicriconemoides chitwoodi belonging to Criconematidae, Hemicycliophora typica belonging to Hemicycliophoridae and Paratylenchus neoprojectus belonging to Tylenchuliade, were extracted and identified. Among the identified species, H. typica from the rhizosphere of spiny rush, reed, Cirsium sp. and meadow-grass (with 3.8%) and C. mutabile from the rhizosphere of reed, Cynodon dactylon and meadow-grass (with 2.4%), were the most abundant species. H. chitwoodi from the rhizosphere of Berberis integerrima (1%), M. rusticum from the rhizosphere of Thymus kotschyanus and Astragalus gossypinus (1%), C. informis from the rhizosphere of reed (0.5%), M. antipolitanum from the rhizosphere Berberis integerrima (0.5%), M. curvatum from the rhizosphere meadow-grass (0.5%) and P. neoprojectus from rhizosphere oregano (0.5%), were the lowest abundant species. H. chitwoodi is rare species and has females with lip region truncate and slightly set off; bearing 2 annuli, first annulus larger than second, angular, directed outward; first annulus width 11.7-13.3 µm, second annulus width 10.7-13 µm; 490-730 µm long, Stylet 93-83 µm, V= 90-92, R= 120-135, Rex= 29-37, Rvan= 3-4. This species characterized from similar species of H. variabilis and H. camelliae by lip region shape and annulus; labial disk shape; shape and length of tail and number of body annuli. H. typica with the most abundant (3.8%) among the identified species, has females with 817-1119 µm long, stylet 68-83 µm, the body with 221-280 annuli (RV (ant.) = 181-224; Rex= 44-57) and the lateral fields with two longitudinal incisures. This species is similar to species of H. megalodiscus, H. andrassyi, H. nortoni, H. sculpturata and H. ahvasiensis and differs in various morphological features including the body length, type of attachment sheath on the body, number of lip region annulus, shape and number of lateral fields incisures, stylet knob cavity, amphidial apertures and tail shape. This species was collected from Kerman, Sirjan and Bardsir cities. The species H. sculpturata, was introduced as a new species from Iran and Iraq, has been declared as a junior synonym of H. typica, based on the intraspecific morphological diversity and the wide range of morphometric data of H. typica.