بررسی بیوانفورماتیکی پروتئین مرتبط با بیماریزایی PR-9 در 4 گونه گیاه زراعی متعلق به خانواده گندمیان

Inducible defense-related proteins have been defined in many plant species after infection with oomycetes, fungi, bacteria, or viruses, or insect attack. Different types of these pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs) exist in plants and have been divided into 17 families so far. PR-9 is a type of peroxidase that can catalyze lingnification and strengthen the cell wall, leading to increased resistance to many pathogens. In this research, 60 amino acid sequences related to this protein available in UniProtKB and belonging to 4 types of crop plants from the Poaceae family plant including Triticum aestivum, Oryza sativa, Hordeum vulgare and Zea mays were evaluated with the aim of studying the amino acid sequence of this enzyme and also using its benefits including induction of resistance against plant diseases. The results of the investigation of protected domains in the InterProScan database and the COBALT software showed that there are two and in some cases one protected domain in the amino acid sequences of this enzyme. The results of domain analysis using MEME V5. 5. 1 software showed that there are 2 to 15 motifs in the evaluated amino acid sequences and the positions of these motifs are different from each other and these differences led to the separation of the sequences. Then the amino acid sequences were aligned using ClustalW algorithm and phylogeny tree was drawn using MEGA11 software, Neighbor-Joining method and Bootstrap analysis with 1000 replications. The results of the tree analysis showed that due to the spatial distribution of similar motifs in some non-synonymous species, the intra-species diversity was greater than the inter-species one, and as a result, the non-synonymous species were placed in the same or close clades. Therefore, despite the presence of protected areas, due to intra-species diversity, this protein marker could not distinguish all species from each other. On the contrary, the existence of this diversity showed that these 4 plant species have a high ability to produce and use this enzyme related to pathogenicity, and considering the importance of this enzyme in nature and industry around the induction of resistance against plant damaging factors, it can be studied more closely.