مطالعه ویروس های مزارع لوبیای غرب کشور با استفاده از روش‌های مبتنی بر توالی یابی نسل جدید

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the crops rich in protein, which has a special condition in the human diet. Fabaceae plants, especially beans, are widely cultivated in the western and central regions of Iran. Viruses are one of the most important factors limiting the increase in the production of common beans, in different parts of the world. The detection of viruses and the investigation of genetic variation among isolates is an effective step in the management of these pathogens. The purpose of this research is a comprehensive study of viruses in common bean fields in Lorestan and Markazi provinces. For this purpose, sampling of common bean plants with yellowing, dwarfing, curling, and deformed leaves symptoms was done and for the first time in Iran, methods based on next-generation sequencing were used to study their viruses. Considering the variety of symptoms in both provinces, 20 leaf samples were mixed and were used for total RNA sequencing. The results of the metatranscriptome analysis showed that common bean samples were infected with seven viruses, including sesame curly top virus (SeCTV), beet curly top Iran virus (BCTIV), tomato leaf curl Palampur virus (ToLCPalV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), phaseolus vulgaris endornavirus 1 (PvEV1), and phaseolus vulgaris endornavirus 2 (PvEV2). The presence of all viral species was confirmed using PCR, RT-PCR, and Sanger sequencing methods. Since PvEV1 and PvEV2 species are seed-borne and are reported for the first time from Iran. The presence of PvEV1 and PvEV2 were investigated in the seeds of Iranian bean cultivars, and RT-PCR results showed that PvEV1 and PvEV2 were single and mixed infections in some cultivars of common beans, including Naz, Pak, Derakhshan, Akhtar, Almas, Sayad, Yaghoot and Shokofa. In addition, the results of the present study indicated the presence of SeCTV and ToLCPalV for the first time in the west of the country. Comparing the nucleotide sequences and the phylogenetic tree obtained from the complete genome of two BCTIV strains obtained from the present study with all the available isolates, showed that there was a new strain of BCTIV in the common bean fields. Among the seven viruses reported from common bean fields, it was found that DNA viruses such as RNA viruses have a high prevalence, which should be given special attention in management programs.