اثر دما روی رشد و میزان پارازیتیسم زنبور Psyllaephagus zdeneki (Hym.: Encyrtidae)، پارازیتویید پسیل زیتون Euphyllura pakistanica (Hem.: Psyllidae)

The effects of five constant temperatures (20, 25, 28, 30 & 35oC) on the development period (egg to adult emergence), longevity of female and parasitism (parasitism and host feeding) of, Psyllaephagus zdeneki Noyes and Fallahzadeh, 2005 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was studied under controlled condition in order to develop biological control program against Euphyllura pakistanica Loginova, 1973 (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) which is the most important pest of olive in the Fars province of Iran. The experiments were conducted in the growth chamber at relative humidity of 60±5% and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L: D) hours. The pre-imaginal developmental period of P. zdeneki reared on E. pakistanica varied from 36.74±1.00, 30.04±0.61, 23.63±0.72, 19.44±0.81 and 17.01±1.1 days in different experiment temperatures, respectively. Adult female longevity was significantly different in experiment temperatures. In each temperature, the adult longevity of females was significantly longer than males. Adult female longevity of P. zdeneki was 6.91±1.8, 10.24±0.87, 13.43±0.79, 15.64±1.29 and 16.08±1.83 days in different experiment temperatures, respectively. The mean number of eggs laid per female was highest on 25oC (143.19± 3.52 eggs) and lowest on 35oC (46.04± 5.31 eggs). The highest values of parasitism (egg laying and host-feeding) were obtained (86.28± 0.02⁒) in 25oC and the lowest (5.24± 0.02⁒) in 35oC. Our findings showed that the relationship between temperature and the developmental rate of the P. zdeneki well described by linear regression model.