کنترل علف هرز مهاجم کاتوس در باغ ملی گیاهشناسی ایران و باغ های اقماری

Cynanchum acutum L. is a perennial and invasive plant from the Asclepiadaceae family and is one of the most important limiting factors for agricultural and garden crops. Cynanchum acutum weed has a high invasive power due to its unique growth characteristics and the ability to propagate vegetatively and reproductively. In the past 3 years, when the pest and disease monitoring plan of the National Botanical Garden of Iran and satellite gardens (Nowshahr, Kashan and Fadak Dezful) was carried out, Cynanchum acutum weed was observed in plant collections and non-productive hosts. In the National Botanical Garden, due to the appropriate plant biodiversity, Cynanchum acutum weed was observed on the collections of Rosa damascene, Roses, Chrysanthemums, junipers, Plane trees, etc. Cynanchum acutum weed was observed in the Kashan Botanical Garden on the collections of Rosa damascene and Roses, Non-fruiting plants of Populus, Eucalyptus, ornamental pomegranate, Oleander, Vitex agnus-castus and Lycium ruthenicum. According to the gardeners of the city, this weed has been abundantly seen in the pistachio gardens of Kashan for several years, and it may spread from the nearby pistachio trees to the botanical garden of Kashan by means of pods containing seeds that are easily carried by the wind to long distances. found In Nowshahr Botanical Garden, due to the provision of suitable environmental conditions, this weed has spread widely and the highest density was observed in wild fig and juniper trees. The experiment was carried out in 2021-2022 in the Poplar of Alborz Research Complex and Rose collections in Kashan in the form of completely randomized blocks with 3 replications. The treatments were applied from the first of March when the weed reached a height of 15 cm (before it was attached to the host). The results of analysis of variance showed that the treatment of removing aerial organs 3 times with an interval of one month is the best method of mechanical control. This weed wraps around the trunk of the tree and climbs up the stem, and in addition to physical damage to the young stems, it damages the buds of the stem and spreads over the crown of the tree and prevents the light from reaching the tree. It produces flowers and finally seeds. Considering the preservation of the natural ecosystem and biodiversity and the necessity of preserving plant collections as a genetic reserve in gardens and not using chemical fertilizers and poisons, the most suitable method of prevention and control of this weed is the mechanical method. Therefore, if the aerial organs of Cynanchum acutum are cut 3 times and the capsules containing the seeds of this weed are collected, it can largely prevent its further spread in the region.