مدل‌سازی شبکه ژنی و تحلیل مسیر ترانسکریپتوم برنج در پاسخ به نماتد Meloidogyne graminicola

Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the main food crops in Asia. Rice root-knot nematode M. graminicola, causes severe economic damage to rice annually. Due to its short life cycle and high number of generations, the nematode population can increase rapidly and significantly decrease the rice yield. Considering the dangers of chemical nematicides and the high costs of controlling this nematode, it is possible to reduce the severity of this pathogen using resistant and transgenic cultivars This nematode has not been reported from Iran, but this pathogen has caused great economic problems in many Asian countries. This research can contribute to develop global strategies to manage and control this nematode using the production and development of transgenic cultivars. This research can contribute to the development of global strategies for managing and controlling, this nematode through the production and development of transgenic cultivars. In this research, to find the crucial genes and key pathways of M. graminicola involved in interaction with rice, 3588 expressed genes were analyzed by STRING using transcriptomic data, revealing that 199 genes formed a significant gene network. These 199 genes were analyzed using the Maximum Neighborhood Component algorithm, and the most influential genes (10 genes) were selected and examined. The transcribed mRNAs from these important genes were analyzed, LOC_Os09g25320, LOC_Os09g39500, LOC_Os10g39620, LOC_Os03g04590, LOC_Os05g27940, LOC_Os11g41610, LOC_Os03g31090, LOC_Os03g28960, LOC_Os10g42690, and LOC_Os03g59740, in order of importance. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses showed that the primary role of these 10 genes is in the macromolecule metabolic process and nitrogen compound metabolic process within the ribosomal pathway. The ribosomal pathway is one of the most crucial cellular pathways that affect the synthesis of proteins and the overall function of the cell. A comprehensive understanding of this pathway can aid in developing methods to enhance plant resistance to stresses and improve agricultural productivity. The role of these genes in the metabolism of nitrogen, carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids indicates that, in addition to protein production, they are also involved in regulating responses to environmental stresses and plant growth and development. This research provides a list of significant genes and metabolic pathways that facilitate the development of transgenic crops resistant to the rice root-knot nematode and clarifies the mechanisms of rice's resistance responses.