پاسخ گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foenicum vulrare) و علف‌های هرز به قارچ مایکوریزا (Glomus mosseae)

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are one of the most important fungi in the soil, which coexist with the roots of many plants These fungi play an important role in the sustainable functioning of agricultural ecosystems. Mycorrhizal fungi are not only beneficial and can increase the growth of plants, in some cases, some mycorrhizal species also cause growth reduction in certain species of plants. In order to investigate fungal root colonization of fennel and some weed species, nine separated trails were carried out as completely randomized design with five replications in 2024. Treatments were inoculation with Glomus mosseae and non-inoculated control on nine plant species of Fennel (Foenicum vulgare ), Dodder (Cuscuta campestris), Lambs quarters (Chenopodium album), Prostrate pig weed (Amaranthus blitoides), Red root pig weed (A. retroflexus), Flix weed (Descurainia sophia), Large cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium), Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) and Green foxtail (Setaria viridis). After filling pots out with 500 g of autoclaved soil, spores of G. mosseae was added to the pots. Eight seedlings were transferred in to each pot and were thinned to three seedlings per pot at 2-4 leaves stage. Plants were harvested 7 weeks after transplanting, the plants were removed from the crown and transferred to the laboratory. Colonization, shoot dry matter and mycorrhizal growth responses were determined as well. The results indicated the different effects of fungi on fennel and weed species. Roots of fennel were colonized by G. mosseae by 90%. In weeds, the percentage of colonization by fungus, with the weeds of barnyard grass, green foxtail, dodder, large cocklebur, flix weed, lambs quarters are 89, 80, 78, 65, 12 and 10 percent, respectively. The lowest amount of root colonization by G. mossea was observed in the red root pig weed and prostrate pig weed 7.5 and 8 percent, respectively. The inoculation of G. mossea decreased the dry weight of the green foxtail. Mycorrhizal growth response was different from -28.52% to +42.98% in weeds. In general, due to the different reactions of fennel and some studied weed species to G. mosseae inoculation, it seems that the application of these fungi in Fennel fields could cause reduction in weed damages.