مطالعه ریخت‌شناختی و مولکولی تعدادی از اعضای خانوادهTylenchidae Örley 1880 (Nematoda: Rhabditida) در استان آذربایجان‌غربی

Due to its fertile lands and rich natural areas, West Azarbaijan province is considered as one of the most important agricultural regions in Iran and it has the field of activity of various nematodes. Nematodes of the family Tylenchidae have a high diversity and are globally distributed and can be found in many habitats such as agricultural lands, grasslands, and natural pastures. This group of nematodes are mostly fungivores or algaevores and do not have much economic importance, but their identification as one of the living factors present in the rhizosphere of plant roots can be important. In order to morphologically and molecular identification of nematodes of family Tylenchidae in West Azarbaijan province, 50 soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere of different plants during 2023 and 2024. The samples were transferred to the Nematology Research Laboratory of Urmia University and the nematodes were extracted using the sieve and centrifuge method and then transferred to glycerin using the De Grisse method. After preparing microscopic slides, morphological and morphometric studies were performed using an optical microscope equipped with a Dino digital camera. For molecular study, the D2-D3 region of the large ribosomal subunit (D2-D3 28S rDNA) was sequenced. The new sequences obtained were compared with the sequences submitted in the gene bank. Bayesian inference was used to create the phylogeny tree. In this research, 14 species from 7 genera identified which included; Basiria graminophila, Boleodorus thylactus, Coslenchus costatus, Discotylenchus discretus, Filenchus. Andrassyi, F. aquilonius, F. cylindricaudus, F. pratensis, F. terrestris, F. vulgaris, F. sindhicus, F. thornei, Neopsilenchus magnidens, Psilenchus hilarulus. F. terrestris and F. sindhicus are first report fromIran. In F. terrestris, body length is 520-632 μm, stylet length is 8-11 μm, tail length is 152-160 μm, c factor is 1.3-4.3 and V factor is 65-60. This species has two lateral lines. Also, in F. sindhicus, body length is 692-527 μm, stylet length is 7-10 μm, tail length is 139-156 μm, c factor is 4.2-5.4 and V factor is 64-67. This species has four lateral lines. In this research, one sequence of each species was obtained which the sequences related to the species of Discotylenchus discretus, Filenchus. andrassyi, F. cylindricaudus, F. pratensis, F. terrestris, F. sindhicus were introduced for the first time, which can help to enrich the gene bank.