مطالعه ویژگی‌های ریخت‌شناسی، ریخت‌سنجی و مولکولی گونه Xiphinema basiri Siddiqi, 1959 از استان بوشهر

In order to determine the possible role of plant parasitic nematodes as one of the factors that threaten the reduction of production in palm trees, several soil samples were collected from the roots and the rhizosphere of date palm trees in some parts of bushehr province since 2022, and transferred to the nematology laboratory, university of zanjan, zanjan, iran. Nematodes were extracted using tray and centrifugation. method, killed and fixed following De Grisse method. Temporary and permanent microscopic slides of the nematodes were prepared and studied based on morphological and morphometric characters. A population of xiphinema genus was recovered during this study and was identified at species level using the available identification keys and original descriptions of the species. It was identified as X. basiri. All the morphological characteristics of this population were in accordance with those of the type population. The molecular analysis was performed based on two regions of 28S rDNA and COI. After sequencing, phylogenetic analyses were performed using appropriate software’s. X. basiri belongs to group 5 according to the key Loof and Luc, 1990 and characterized by having two almost equally developed female reproductive branches are mutually opposite and relatively equal in size, with simple globular bodies of variable diameter in the tubular part of the uterus, body length 2.8 to 3.7 mm, round cephalic region with a slight depression. odontostyle 113-128 µm long and odontophore 60-65 µm long, pharyngeal bulb about 23-25 % of the total pharynx length, vulva at 48-51% position of body, short tail, conical, distinctly digitate. four larval stages and in males it has a spicule 60 µm long and four supplements. This species is very similar to X. index, X. artemisia and X. ingens, however, in molecular studies and phylogenetic trees based on the 28s region genome, it is completely separated from these species and forms a sister clade with high support together with the X. coi species.