شناسایی ریخت‌شناختی و مولکولی تعدادی از نماتدهای انگل گیاهی نهالستان‌های استان آذربایجان غربی

To identify main plant parasitic nematodes in the nurseries of West Azerbaijan province, between 2023 and 2024, 50 soil samples were collected from the nurseries of the province. After transferring the samples to the Nematology Laboratory of Urmia University, nematodes were extracted by flotation-sieving and centrifugation and fixed by De Grisse method in glycerin. Then, microscopic slides were prepared from the nematodes. Morphological identifications carried out by, using an optical microscope equipped with a digital camera Eyepiece Eye-Dino, the morphological and morphometric characteristics of nematodes were studied and using keys and scientific sources, nematodes were identified at the species level. To confirm morphological identification, the D2-D3 region of the large ribosomal subunit (D2-D3 28S rDNA) was sequenced. The newly obtained sequences were compared with those recorded in the gene bank. Bayesian method was used to reconstruct the phylogenetic tree. In this study, 18 species belonging to 14 genera were identified, which include the following species: Aphelenchoides lanceolatus, A. tuzeti, Aphelenchus isomerus, Basiria graminophila, Boleodorus thylactus, Criconemoides informis, Filenchus cylindricaudus, F. vulgaris, Helicotylenchus dihystera, H. pseudorobustus, Irantylenchus clavidorus, Mesocriconema antipolitanum, M. xenoplax, Neopsilenchus magnidens, Pratylenchus thornei, Paratylenchus similis, Psilenchus iranicus, Zygotylenchus guevarai. Mesocriconema antipolitanum and M. xenoplax were the most distributed species. Due to the importance and damage these two species have caused to fruit trees, they should be considered in control programs. Also, in this research, 22 sequences of different species were obtained, the sequences of Aphelenchoides lanceolatus, A. tuzeti and Irantylenchus clavidorus species are presented for the first time and can help to enrich the Gene Bank.