بررسی اثر استفاده چند فراورده ایمن روی پسیل گلابی Cacopsylla pyricola

Pear psylla Cacopsylla pyricola (Foerster, 1848) (Hemiptera:.Psyllidae) the key pest is pear trees, which are also known as pear sap and honeydew. This pest exists in all areas where pear trees are grown, and it causes leaf and fruit fall by feeding directly on plant sap, vulnerability of the tree to secondary factors, honeydew secretion and disturbance in respiration and photosynthesis, deformation of the fruit and transmission of pathogenic. 400 hectares of pear trees were planted in Sudejan village of Shahrekord city. With the Fruiting of these trees and the widespread damage of this pest and the issue of healthy crops, the need to control the pest without the intervention of chemical pesticides was felt more than ever. Therefore, an experiment was designed and carried out in the form of a completely randomized design to investigate the effect of spraying with non-chemical and inexpensive agents. Then 12 plots of 1,000 meters were selected and designed as three treatments in four replications. The treatments included non-ionic insecticidal soap produced by Setila company at a ratio of 2:000, dishwashing liquid at a ratio of 2:000 and plain water. The spraying was done twice in the last week of July 2023 and the second spraying was repeated 10 days after the first spraying. Two days after the end of spraying, sampling was done randomly by using a plastic tray with dimensions of 50 x 30 cm from 5 trees in each plot. Sampling was done weekly by hitting the branches and falling adult and nymphs insects into the tray and was repeated for 3 weeks. The results of counting the different stages of the insect were recorded in special tables. Data analysis was done through Excel and SAS software. The results showed that spraying with insecticidal soap was effective in reducing the pest population with a significant difference. The counting of the treatments showed that the spraying treatment with plain water had the lowest effect with an average of 31.08 of the counted pests and the insecticide soap treatment had the highest effect with an average of 8.88 of the counted pests. The average of spray treatment with dishwashing liquid was 20.22 pests. Therefore, it is recommended that pear orchards that are built to produce a healthy crop can use the method of spraying insecticidal soaps against this pest. In addition, field observations showed that spraying three times with insecticidal soap will achieve better results.