مطالعه کارایی دو فرمولاسیون سرکه چوب در مقایسه با حشره‌کش استامی پراید علیه سفید بالک خیار Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)

Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius is an important pest of cucumber. The nymphs and adult insects of this pest not only weaken the plant by sucking the sap of the plant, but also cause damage by their sticky secretions (honey). Due to the fact that cucumber is one of the products that is consumed fresh, so it is necessary to test compounds of natural origin and low risk. In this experiment, the effect of natural composition of wood vinegar on the pest was investigated. Since the effective concentration was not yet known, bioassays were performed in the laboratory. After bioassay experiments and determination of field concentrations, field experiments with three formulations each in two concentrations of 10 and 14 per thousand were performed with acetamipride insecticide at a concentration of 0.5 per thousand and control. This research was carried out in the greenhouses of Markazi and Yazd provinces in the form of a randomized complete block design with 6 treatments and 3 replications. Spraying was done with a back pump sprayer. According to the LC50 values estimated in bioassays, two treatments of emulsion with vegetable oil base and hydrophilic emulsifier - distilled wood vinegar (P3N) and nanocapsulated emulsion - distilled wood vinegar (F-N) for distilled test Fields were selected at two concentrations of 10 and 14 per thousand. Acetamiprid had the highest efficacy in both regions and on different days after spraying. Three days after spraying in central province, P3N formulation with a concentration of 14 per thousand showed the highest efficiency of 36.5% and F-N formulation with a concentration of 14 per thousand showed the lowest efficiency with 16.6%. the formulation of P3N showed phytotoxicity on cucumber leaves in the greenhouse. In Yazd province, three days after treatment with a concentration of 14 per thousand of F-N formulation, the highest efficiency was obtained with 59.1%. In general, according to the greenhouse tests, the efficiency and phytotoxicity in some areas, it seems that the tested formulations are not recommended for use in the greenhouse against whitefly, and the use of wood vinegar for pest control needs further investigation.