استخراج و معرفی ویزگی‌های کیتوزان از سه گونه از حشرات

Chitosan is a linear polymer with extremely high applications in medicine and agriculture. This polymer is a derivative of chitin and makes up to 40% of the body skin of insects, which is usually complex. In the present study, three species of Hermetia illuscens (Stratiomiidae) (pupal exuvia) , Tenebrio molitor larva exuvia (Tenebrionidae), and Vespa orientalis (Vespidae) adults were used to extract chitosan complex. After grinding ten grams of each of the insects, mineral substances were first removed by 2 M hydrochloric acid for 30 minutes at room temperature using an electric hammer and a magnet. Then this solution was stirred for 60 minutes at a temperature of 60-70 degrees Celsius and finally for 10 minutes using an electric stirrer and a magnet to reach room temperature. Deproteinization was done by adding 30% W/V sodium hydroxide solution and stirring for 15 minutes at room temperature and then for 45 minutes at 60-70 degrees Celsius. In each process, the considered materials were washed and filtered by distilled water until reaching neutral pH. Finally, deacetylation of chitin under the influence of 50% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution first at 60-70 degrees Celsius for 2 hours with stirring and then for 24 hours with stirring at the same temperature resulted in the production of chitosan complex. The result was continued until reaching neutral pH and finally drying was done at 35 degrees Celsius in the oven. The functional properties of chitosan obtained were investigated by Fourier transform spectrometer (FTIR). Spectroscopic pattern results were consistent with standard samples. The relative amount of chitosan complex production for soldier fly, date bee and mylorum was 85%, 32% and 46%, respectively.