مکانیسم های آنتاگونیستی گونه های قارچ Trichoderma spp. علیه قارچ Fusarium solani f. sp. Lycopercisi عامل پوسیدگی ریشه گوجه فرنگی

One of the important plant products that is affected by important soil-borne diseases is tomato, and significant damage is caused to this product, especially by fungal pathogens. Fusarium solani f. sp. Lycopercisi with root rot has a significant contribution in reducing plant growth and yield. In recent years, researchers' attention has been drawn to the introduction of biological control agents in order to reduce the harmful effects of chemical pesticides, including environmental pollution and creating resistance in pathogens. In this research, for this purpose, the pathogenic fungus was first isolated from the roots with symptoms of dry rot, and after purification, it was identified using valid keys, and then the pathogenicity was proved. In order to investigate the effect of parasitism of Trichoderma species against the pathogen, the method of using a lamella on the culture medium and the method of making grooves in the culture medium were used. Also, the effect of volatile compounds of Trichoderma isolates against the pathogen was also investigated. The results of the parasitism test in both methods showed that T. longibrachiatum made hyphal contact with the pathogenic hyphae and abundant lysis and hyphal penetration of the pathogen were observed. Other species controlled the pathogen by hyphal coiling and hyphal contact. In the test of the effect of volatile compounds, it was found that all the species used controlled the growth of the pathogen compared to the control, but the most effective in reducing the growth of the pathogen belonged to T. longibrachiatum, T. harzianum and T. asprelum species. T. longibrachiatum showed an effective biological control agent in terms of all antagonistic mechanisms.