شناسایی قارچ های اندوفیت مرتبط با بذر از دو گیاه دارویی و غربالگری فیتوشیمیایی عصاره اتیل استات جدایه ها به روش کروماتوگرافی گازی و طیف سنجی جرمی (GC-MS)

Endophytic fungi are a group of host-associated fungal communities that colonize intercellular or intracellular spaces of host tissues without causing any symptoms and providing beneficial effects to their hosts while gaining advantages. The bioactive metabolites derived from endophytes predominantly belong to different chemical classes and show diverse biological properties. The medicinal plants and their seed, as potential resources in endophyte-plant interactions, have been least studied up till now. This study is an effort to research the identification, and screening of phytochemical derivatives of the seed-associated mycobiota community isolated from medicinal plants, Lycium barbarum L. and Eryngium caucasicum Trautv, were collected from Mazandaran Province. For initial preparation, samples were primarily washed with tap water then seeds were surface sterilized with 3% sodium hypochlorite for 5 min and finally were plated onto PDA culture medium and incubated at 25°C. The isolates were purified by single spore and hyphal tip methods after growth. For molecular identification, the primers ITS1F and ITS4 were used to amplify part of the internal transcribed spacer regions and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS) of the nrRNA operon. To screen the phytochemical derivatives of ethyl acetate of these endophytic fungal isolates, the extracts were subjected to phytochemical analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Molecular and phylogenetic analyses using the Maximum likelihood (ML) algorithm and Bayesian inference (BI) revealed that the fungal endophytes were Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Chaetomium globosum isolated from Lycium barbarum L. and Eryngium caucasicum Trautv, respectively. GC-MS spectrum of the compounds found in the extracts of the endophytic fungi was matched with the standard compounds present in the WILEY8 library and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST14) library. The results acknowledge that medicinal plants and seeds are valuable sources for the description of endophytic fungi. In addition, endophytic fungi within medicinal plants are a potential source of beneficial compounds with biological activities such as anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-cancer, and so on, and it has also been envisaged possible drug discovery using them.