بررسی نانو فرمولاسیون دور کننده کرم گلوگاه انارEctomyelois ceratoniae Zeller با استفاده از اسانس گیاه Ferula assa-foetida

Pomegranate is native and one of the most valuable horticultural products of Iran that has the most variety and quality in the world. Pomegranate Fruit Moth (PFM), Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller, is the most important factor in reducing the quantity and quality of pomegranate. Since chemical control on this pest is not effective, it is possible to help by focusing on the use of botanical compounds to control this pest and preserve the organic product. The purpose of this research is to apply the essential oil of the Ferula assa-foetida and increase its shelf life and controlled release using new technologies such as nanoemulsion. The components of Ferula assa-foetida essential oil were analyzed by GC-MSS. The main components of the essential oil include (E)-1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (49.34%), limonen+ß-phellandrene (12.99%), (Z)-1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (38/ 11%), (E-ß) ocimene (5.37%), alpha-pinene (4.05%) and myrcene (3.38%). Also, the results of the Zeta Sizer and FESEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope) showed that the size of the particles was between 92 and 96 nm and the Nano emulsion was obtained. The obtained formulation was taken to the garden to check its effectiveness. Experiments were conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design with 4 treatments and 5 replications in Jalalabad, Pishva County (Tehran province). In each tree, pomegranates were treated in 4 main directions, and during the season, in addition to the pomegranates treated in each direction, the surrounding pomegranates were also checked. The treatments included the formulated essential oil, flowers stamens elimination, mixing the formulated compound and flowers stamens elimination, whole branch treatment and control. Infected pomegranates were collected from the trees every two weeks. By statistically comparing the effect of the formulated combination and the control and the combination with flowers stamens elimination, the effectiveness of each treatment was investigated and compared. Based on the results, the use of formulation reduced the infected pomegranates in the garden till to 50%. The results, based on the number of infected pomegranates dropped at the foot of each treated tree, showed that the highest infected pomegranates were related to the control (40.8±3.16) and the lowest was seen in the combination of formulation and flowers stamens elimination(27.6±1.7).There is no significant difference between the treatment of the whole branch and the flowers stamens elimination, and also there is no significant difference between the flowers stamens elimination and the formulation.