بررسی اثر قارچ کش کاربندازیم و گوگرد در کنترل بیماری پوسیدگی گل‌آذین خرما (خامج) ناشی از قارچ‌های Fusarium anulatum وF. proliferatum در استان خوزستان

Khuzestan province is one of the most important date production provinces in the country, and the date product is of particular importance as it is the only source of income for farmers. The occurrence of inflorescence rot in humid conditions in late winter and early spring causes a large number of date palm inflorescences to burn. As a result of this disease, the spots of different cultivars rot and disappear completely. This disease is caused by Fusarium anulatum and F. proliferatum pathogens and its damage has been increasing over the three years ago. Therefore, disease management is very important. The use of compounds with fungicidal properties can be effective in controlling this disease. This research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of carbendazim and sulfur fungicides in control of inflorescence date palm disease in Abadan and Shadegan regions. Experimental treatments included the application of carbendazim fungicide with a concentration of 1.5 per thousand, sulfur spraying with a concentration of 8%, soil application of sulfur with a concentration of 6% according to the manufacturer's opinion and control without carbendazim and sulfur fungicide. For this purpose, an experiment was carried out in the form of a completely randomized block design with 4 treatments in 3 repetitions on the colonized cultivar. In each region, one palm tree with a history of date blossom rot disease was selected, and in each palm tree, 21 date palm trees were selected and marked to apply the treatments. The scoring scale of Al-Morsi et al. (2012), based on the percentage of infection and the rate of disease development was used to evaluate the disease. The percentage of infection in each repetition was calculated based on the ratio of infected clusters to all clusters, and the intensity of infection in each repetition was calculated based on the average ratio of infected tissue to the total tissue in each cluster. The yield of each treatment was measured separately in the harvest season based on measuring the weight of the bunches of each palm with a digital scale. The results showed that all the treatments, except for the sulfur soil application treatment, were significant in controlling date blossom rot disease at 1% and 5% levels, and the carbendazim fungicide treatment had the most effect.