کارایی ترکیب معدنی توبالین® حاوی هیدروکسید مس روی راب Agriolimax agrestis در گلخانه و مقایسه آن با متالدئید و فریکول®

Agriolimax agrestis (Linne, 1758) is one of the important pests of greenhouse ornamental plants in Iran and the world, which cause a relatively large amount of damage to them in greenhouses every year. The use of effective mineral substances as repellants and pesticides can be considered as one of the appropriate methods to control A. agrestis. In this research, the effectiveness of Tobalin® mineral compound 5% SC containing copper hydroxide was evaluated in reducing the damage of A. agrestis slug. In the laboratory, the effect of Tobalin (4 per thousand) on slugfeeding was investigated by choice and non-choice methods and its deterrence percentage was calculated.In greenhouse conditions, spraying of concentrations of three and four per thousand of Tobalin® with the chemical molluscicide metaldehyde (2.5g/m2) and the mineral molluscicide Fericol® (5g/m2) as bait and control treatment (water) on ornamental plants Spathiphyllum wallisii was carried out in the greenhouses of Mazandaran and Alborz provinces. The experiment was done in the form of a completely randomized design in 10 square meter plots with four repetitions of 2.5 square meters. Slugs (0.7 to 1 g weight) were released in equal numbers (40 pieces) in each plot on S. wallisii bushes.
Counting the number of active slugs on plantsand pots were done one day before and 2, 4, 8, 14 and 21 days after applying the treatments. The efficiency percentage was calculated by Henderson-Tilton formula and the obtained data were analyzed using SAS statistical software and the averages were compared with Tukey's test. According to the results, in choice and non-choice tests, slugs fed on untreated leaves (12.4 and 17.3 square centimeters, respectively) more than Tobalin® treated leaves (6.3 and 7.1 square centimeters, respectively). The deterrence percentage of Tobalin® with a concentration of 4 per thousand in 21 days for plant+pot treatment was higher than other treatments with 74.1% and 76.4%, respectively, in Mazandaran and Alborz provinces. In greenhouse conditions, Tobalin® treatment (at both concentrations of 3 and 4 per thousand) were effective in controlling A. agrestis with a high efficiency of 70% until the seventh day after S. wallisii spraying. Although this efficiency decreased during the second week and was significantly lower on the 21st day compared to metaldehyde, repeating the spraying after one to two weeks seems necessary for the continuation of its anti-feeding and repellent effect. The results of this study show the high potential of Tobalin® as a new and effective compound in reducing the damage caused by the A. agrestis, which can be used as a substitute for chemical molluscicides in the integrated pest management on ornamental plants in greenhouses.