بررسی زیست‌شناسی سوسک کک لور Altica viridula (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) به عنوان آفت مهم درخت لور Carpinus orientalis (Fagales: Betulaceae) در استان مازندران

The Hyrcanian forests are considered one of the most valuable forests in the world, and its preservation and protection is very important. These forests suffer a lot of damage from pests every year. By direct observation and regular sampling until the end of September from the forests of Mazandaran province during the years 1402 and 1403, one of the important leaf-eating pests of Carpinus orientalis Mill. called Altica viridula (Weise, 1889), collection and life stages and Biology was studied in field and laboratory conditions. The results showed that the time of emergence of wintering insects in nature was from the end of April and the peak of emergence was in the middle of May. The adult were transferred to the laboratory (normal room conditions: 25±5 °C, 72.5% RH). In the laboratory, the average length of the pre-ovulation period was 4.8±1.03 days, the average length of the egg-laying period was 6.1±0.8 days, the average number of eggs laid was 35.33±10.42, the length of the embryonic period was 9.9 8±2.0 days and the percentage of hatched eggs was 91.1±2.18 and the average lifespan of male and female insects was 86.2±5.08 and 86.5±4.90, respectively. The number of larval ages was three, and the larvae of age three were turned into pupae in the rearing containers. Adult insects hatched after an average of 6 days. In field conditions, the average pre-laying period is 6.7±1.3 days, the average length of the laying period is 6.1±0.8 days, the average number of eggs laid is 25/5±6.44, the average embryonic period is 0.9 ±8.2 days and lifespan of male and female insects were 80.2±4.25 and 81.45±3.37, respectively. As a result, the breeding conditions in the laboratory and nature were close to each other, but in nature, due to the cold weather, one generation was completed, and two generations were completed in the laboratory. Therefore, by cultivating this pest in the laboratory and thoroughly researching its biology, it is possible to plan for the integrated fight and management of this pest.