اثرات کشندگی و زیر‌کشندگی اسانس نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.) بر برخی پارامتر‌های فیزیولوژیکی سفید بالک گلخانهTrialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) تحت شرایط آزمایشگاهی

The greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the most important pests of greenhouse crops worldwide. Usage of low-risk and ecological friendly insecticides which could be consider as a complementary method in integrated pest management of aforementioned pest. In the present study, the lethal and sublethal effects of peppermint essential oil (Mentha piperita L.) on some physiological parameters (biochemical compounds and the activity of detoxification enzymes) of the second instar nymph of greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum were studied. For this purpose, the extraction of essential oil from the plant was done by steam distillation with Clevenger and their chemical components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The monoterpenoid Carvone (57.13%) was the most and main chemical component of the aforementioned essential oil. The used concentrations were obtained based on the concentration setting pre-tests, in which causing the mortality range between 10-90% were calculated to assign the final concentrations of essential oil. The LC10, LC30 and LC50 value of peppermint essential oil were obtained 1094.048, 2534.824, and 4536.118 ppm using dipping method, respectively. Also, the effects of aforementioned concentrations on some biochemical compounds such as protein, triglyceride, glucose, glycogen and the activity of detoxification enzymes (alpha-naphthyl esterase, beta-naphthyl esterase and glutathione S-transferase) were evaluated. The results showed that, the amount of protein, glycogen, triglyceride, glucose and the activity of detoxification enzymes of the second instar nymph of greenhouse whitefly were decreased in treatments compared to control, when exposed to different concentration of essential oil. Descending of the biochemical compounds could be due to the antifidant effects of pepper mint essential oil. Therefore, the mentioned essential oil could be consider in in integrated management of greenhouse whitefly.