بررسی تغییرات و نوسانات جمعیت کرم آلو، (Lep: Tortricidae) Grapholitha funebrana (T.) در شهرستان شاهرود، استان سمنان

Plum fruit moth Grapholita funebrana (T.) (Lep.:Torticidae) is considered as the most important orchards pests in Iran. This pest attacks stone fruit trees such as plums, apricots, cherries, peaches, sour cherries, and plums, as well as black plums and causes a lot of damages. The Plum fruit moth is an oligophagous pest that usually feeds on the Rosaceae plant. Plum fruit moth can have between 1 and 3 generations per year. The larva of this moth reduces the marketability and function of the product by feeding and creating a tunnel in the fruit. Its major distribution including: Tehran, Alborz, Shiraz, Isfahan, Azarbaijan, Razavi Khorasan and North Provinces. Investigation population dynamics and to determine the best application time against Plum fruit moth is very important. As regards, population fluctuations of plum fruit moth in Shahrood County have been less studied, in order to investigate population dynamics and to determine the flight peak time of the pest, a research was carried out during 2024 in the apricot orchards (5 hectares) of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Semnan Province (Shahrood), Shahrood. During this research, Delta trap (green), Mcphail trap containing sexual pheromone (Tripheron, Germany) and light trap are used to capture adults. The traps were installed at a height of two meters in the south direction of the trees. The distance between the traps was at least 50 meters and twice a week at regular intervals was counted. Visiting the traps continued until the beginning of July at the same time as the end of the plum and apricot harvest. According to the results, the first observation of plum fruit moth was on 9 April 2024, and the peak of plum fruit moth trapping in hibernating adults on 13 April 2024, in first generation happened on 15 May 2024, in second generation happened on 5 June 2024 and in third generation happened on 2 July 2024. In total, all of traps were caught but the highest number of trapping belonged to Delta trap treatments. The results of this research can be used in the design of the pest monitoring model and determining the best time of pest control in the orchards of Shahrood County.